The loop control structure

The statements which are used to execute only specific block of statements in a given series of block are called case control statements.

There are 4 types of case statements in C language. They are,

1. switch case
2. break
3. continue
4. goto

1. switch case statement:

This is used to execute only specific case statements based on the switch expression.

Syntax :

switch (expression)

{         

case label1:                  

statements;                 

break;       

case label2:                  

statements;                 

break;         

default:                 

statements;                 

break;

}

Example program for switch..case:

#include <stdio.h>
int main ()
{
int value = 3;
switch(value)
{
case 1:
printf("Value is 1 \n" );
break;
case 2:
printf("Value is 2 \n" );
break;
case 3:
printf("Value is 3 \n" );
break;
case 4:
printf("Value is 4 \n" );
break;
default :
printf("Value is other than 1,2,3,4 \n" );
}
return 0;
}

Output:

Value is 3

2. break statement:

Break statement is used to terminate the while loops, switch case loops and for loops from the subsequent execution.

Syntax:

break;

Example program for break:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
  int i;
  for(i=0;i
  {
      if(i==5)
      {
          printf("Coming out of for loop when i = 5");
    break;
      }
      printf("%d\n",i);
  }
}

Output:

01234 Coming out of for loop when i = 5

3. Continue statement:

Continue statement is used to continue the next iteration of for loop, while loop and do-while loops.  So, the remaining statements are skipped within the loop for that particular iteration.

Syntax : continue;

Example program for continue:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
  int i;
  for(i=0;i
  {
      if(i==5 || i==6)
      {
          printf("Skipping %d from display using " \
                 "continue statement \n",i);
    continue;
      }
      printf("%d\n",i);
  }
}

Output:

01234 Skipping 5 from display using continue statement Skipping 6 from display using continue statement 789

4. goto statements:

goto statements is used to transfer the normal flow of a program to the specified label in the program.

Syntax:

{

         …….

         go to label;

         …….

         …….

         Label:

                  Statements;

}

Example program for goto:

#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
  int i;
  for(i=0;i
  {
     if(i==5)
      {
          printf(" We are using goto statement when i = 5 \n");
          goto HAI;
      }
      printf("%d\n",i);
  }
HAI : printf("Now, we are inside label name hai \n");
}

 Output:

01234 We are using goto statement when i = 5